The postal administration has been transformed into joint stock companies, the state company for telephone services abolished, and the services it carries out to a company private, the State railways

have become S.P.A.

In the original model of the state organization, the complex-active administration of his office, is inserted directly or indirectly in a ministerial apparatus two different organizations, the State Council and the Court of Auditors, whose task is not active administration.

Most recent experience came saying the independent administrative authorities, with legal personality or not, to govern certain areas of administration, according to a model organizational and functional ministerial released by the organization. The principle that inspired the creation of these independent tends to displacement out by ‘parliamentary influence and political, administrative areas that are very delicate.

These departments have the responsibility, and personal offices own. They are located in the center and are not subjected to address government. The owners’ are appointed by the presidents of the chambers chosen by professional groups outside the state bureaucracy, with-incompatibility perform other activities while in office and about the limits to it.

The organizations most significant among these authorities are: the Commission to guarantee the right to strike (1. 146/1990), which are entrusted assessment powers (Articles 13 and 14) about the suitability of the measures

to ensure the balancing of the right to strike with the enjoyment of the rights of persons (Art. 12). The Board is a collegial body composed of experts.Constitutional, d. labor and industrial relations. Has regulatory power, the costs of its operation shall be borne by the Presidency of the Council. No power to direct or control it exists: against it refers to any government authorities.

On the Radio Broadcasting and Publishing (1. 6/8/1990 n. 223), cor. responsible for planning, authorization and control of broadcasting and publishing companies.Organ Tribunal has under him an office composed of officials of the State temporary leave. Competition Authority and market (1. 10/10/1990, n. 287). collegial body which aims to prevent infringements of the prohibitions provided for the protection of freedom of competition between undertakings and control concentrations. They have, in part independent of the CONSOB (Commiss. Naz. Company and Stock Exchange) and ombudsmen. The administrative authorities with greater independence, are provided as well as administrative powers, including legislative and judicial powers, as their activity takes place in a litigation. They are basically public bodies to justify their independence, they reproduce in embryonic form the three branches of government.

Public bodies have been such a proliferation that are no longer a unitary concept.The Toro has undermined reproductive traits in common that they can make an example not in the nature of classification.

• 
  The administrative organization and some principles

• 
  The essential functions of public authorities

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  The elements of the Italian PA

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  The discipline of the public sphere

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  The political and administrative autonomy